Between 2001 and 2025, India transitioned from a phase of "jobless growth" to a period of massive job creation. Total employment surged from roughly 40 crore to over 61.6 crore, driven by the service sector and informal/gig economies. Meanwhile, overall labour productivity increased steadily, though manufacturing specifically has struggled with fragmented, low-productivity growth. Aggregate Employment & Labour Productivity (2001 vs. 2025) 2001: Employment: Around \(400\) million workers. The early 2000s were frequently characterized by "jobless growth"—where the economy grew at roughly \(4 - 5\%\), but job creation in the organized sector remained largely stagnant. Labour Productivity: Output per worker was relatively low, growing at about a \(3 - 4\%\) annualized rate, deeply constrained by a lack of formalized skilling and heavy reliance on the agricultural sector for employment. 2025: Employment: Reached over \(616\) million (61.6 crore) workers aged 15 and...
Military Leadership – Its Relevance for CEOs in the Corporate World. Dinesh K Kapila , Chief General Manager, NABARD (Retd) . (Published in The Business Sandesh of 05/05/2026) The characteristics of Military leadership at the senior level are often not considered as an appropriate paradigm for the corporate world. The two worlds, specially in the Indian context are viewed as two exclusive separate streams. However one has to distinguish between the stereotyped image prevalent in India of a military leader and search for its essence and relevance for the corporate sector. The traits and views of military leaders such as Marshals Zhukov & Rokossovsky of Russia, Generals Eisenhower & Patton of USA, Field Marshal Montgomery of the UK and our very own Field Marshals Carriappa and Manekshaw can impart valuable insights. My father, Major General Rajendra Nath, PVSM (Retd), a Brigade Commander in the 1971 War in Bangladesh, often advised that whatev...